by Claude REVEL | Between companies but also between States, harnessing AI has become an economic, political, and even a geopolitical power game. Public and private competitive strategies are challenged by AI at all levels. And yet, to date, the omnipresence of AI does not seem to have been questioned by private and public decision makers. What promises does this instrument hold for the common and individual good? Is its extension to areas that are more sensitive for humans, such as decision making, advisable?
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Paving the way for innovations that were once out of reach, artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to be a general-purpose technology, just like the steam engine, electricity and electronics in past industrial revolutions. In the space of just a few years, AI has extended into sectors as diverse as transport, telecommunications, healthcare, education, justice and safety. In a field involving such colossal investment costs, French and European decision makers must have a detailed understanding of the comparative advantages enjoyed by their own country and its competitors in AI-related fields in order to target specific investments that will allow them to make the necessary quantitative effort to expand their market share in key sectors.